Woodfuel flow study of Phnom Penh, Cambodia (GCP/RAS/154/NET)













Table of Contents


FAO LIBRARY - Field Document No. 54

REGIONAL WOOD ENERGY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME IN ASIA GCP/RAS/154/NET

Prepared by the Woodfuel Flow Study Team

Woodfuel Flow Study Team:

· Chay Seng Thong - Department of Forestry
· Heng Chanthoeun - Ministry of Environment
· Lao Sethaphal - Department of Forestry
· Ou Ratana - Ministry of Environment
· Nou Sovanddara - Department of Energy
· Tin Sok Samedy - Ministry of Environment
· Touch Salin - Department of Forestry
· Yem Chandararith - Department of Energy

Advisor: Sarah Burgess

Support and Funding By:

· Cambodian Environmental Management Program/USAID
· International Development Research Centre, Canada
· United Nations Development Programme/Environmental Technical Advisory Programme

Copyright is assigned to the funding organisations and appropriate citation should be included in subsequent documents.

FAO - FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Bangkok, December 1998

This publication is printed by the FAO Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in Asia, Bangkok, Thailand.

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) alone and do not imply any opinion on the part of the FAO.

For copies write to:

Regional Wood Energy Development Programme in Asia
c/o FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
Maliwan Mansion, Phra Atit Road,
Bangkok, Thailand.

Tel: 66-2-280 2760
Fax: 66-2-280 0760
E-mail: [email protected]

Or visit our website: http://www.rwedp.org

This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software and careful manual recorrection. Even if the quality of digitalisation is high, the FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.


Table of Contents


Foreword

Acknowledgments

Summary

Units and conversions

Traditional units
Conventional units
Conversions

1. Introduction

2. Consumption of wood energy

2.1 Population statistics
2.2 Wood energy consumption in households

2.2.1 Firewood
2.2.2 Charcoal

2.3 Wood energy consumption in industry and services

2.3.1 Brick kilns
2.3.2 Bakeries

2.4 Destinations outside Phnom Penh

2.4.1 Firewood
2.4.2 Charcoal

2.5 Consumption of other forms of energy

2.5.1 Liquid petroleum gas (LPG)
2.5.2 Consumption of agricultural residues

2.6 Estimates of future domestic consumption

3. Resources and supply areas

3.1 Kratie province

3.1.1 Forest resources
3.1.2 Supply area
3.1.3 Firewood transportation
3.1.4 Charcoal

3.2 Kampong Thom province

3.2.1 Forest resources
3.2.2 Supply area
3.2.3 Firewood
3.2.4 Charcoal location of supply and production: Santuk district

3.3 Kampong Chhnang province

3.3.1 Forest resources
3.3.2 Supply area
3.3.3 Firewood location and supply quantity: Kampong Tralach and Samaki Meanchay
3.3.4 Charcoal

3.4 Kampong Speu province

3.4.1 Forest resources
3.4.2 Supply area
3.4.3 Firewood
3.4.4 Charcoal location of supply and production: Trey Treyeng

3.5 Tree species used for firewood and charcoal.
3.6 Total firewood and charcoal supplied from the study areas

3.6.1 Firewood
3.6.2 Charcoal
3.6.3 Factors influencing the results

3.7 Issues affecting communities in the supply areas

4. Urban market structure

4.1 Wood energy flows from rural areas
4.2 Wood energy traders

4.2.1 Depots in Phnom Penh
4.2.2 Prices and units of sale
4.2.3 Income and expenditure
4.2.4 Trading relationships
4.2.5 Reasons for trade

5. Socio-economic aspects of wood energy consumption

5.1 Income levels and energy use
5.2 Prices of different forms of energy
5.3 Changes in energy use
5.4 Urbanisation
5.5 Traditional uses of wood energy
5.6 Income generation in the rural areas

6. Environmental impacts of wood energy consumption

6.1 Deforestation
6.2 Forest loss in the study areas

6.2.1 Kratie province
6.2.2 Kampong Thom province
6.2.3 Kampong Speu province
6.2.4 Kampong Chhnang province

6.3 The consumption of energy in the household
6.4 Alternative energy forms

7. Wood energy in government policy

7.1 Department of forestry and wildlife
7.2 Department of energy
7.3 Ministry of environment

8. Conclusions and recommendations

8.1 Conclusions
8.2 Recommendations

References